How to File an Amended Tax Return with the IRS
Did you make a mistake on your tax return or realize you missed out on a valuable tax deduction or credit? You can file an amended tax return to make the correction. Filing an amended tax return with the IRS is a straightforward process. This article includes step-by-step instructions for when and how to amend your tax return using Form 1040-X.
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Key Takeaways
- If you filed a tax return with missing or incorrect information, you can amend your tax return using Form 1040-X.
- Do not use Form 1040-X to report clerical errors, which the IRS will correct. Use it to report important changes, such as correcting your filing status, adding or removing a dependent, claiming tax deductions or credits you missed, or adding taxable income you forgot about.
- You typically must file an amended return within three years from the original filing deadline, or within two years of paying the tax due for that year, if that date is later.
Can you make corrections on your tax return?
Mistakes happen — even on tax returns. That's why the IRS allows taxpayers to correct their tax returns if they discover an error on a return that's already been filed. Here's what you need to know about filing an amended tax return.
When should you file an amended tax return?
There are times when you should amend your return and times when you shouldn't. Here are some common situations that call for an amendment:
- You realized you missed out on claiming a tax deduction or credit.
- You accidentally claimed the wrong tax filing status.
- You need to add or remove a dependent.
- You forgot to claim taxable income on your tax return.
- You realize you claimed an expense, deduction or credit that you weren't eligible to claim.
Before filing an amended return, make sure the IRS has already processed the tax return you need to amend. That way, it will be less likely that the IRS will get your original return and amended return mixed up. If you've already received your tax refund, then you know the IRS has already processed your return.
When don’t you need to file an amended tax return?
You usually don't need to file an amended return if you discover math or clerical errors on a recently filed tax return. The IRS will often correct those types of mistakes on its own and, if necessary, send you a bill for the additional tax due or a refund if the error was in your favor.
Are you required by the IRS to file an amended tax return?
The IRS could audit your previous years’ taxes, which may result in an additional tax liability. While the IRS typically audits returns filed within the last three years, it’s better to get ahead of any potential issues. Mistakes happen and they can be easily fixed by amending your return.
Filing an amended tax return as soon as you can is highly encouraged. That way, you can get ahead of any potential tax liabilities you may owe and minimize penalties.
How long do you have to file an amended tax return?
The IRS limits the amount of time you have to file an amended return to claim a refund to:
- within three years from the original filing deadline
- within two years of paying the tax due for that year, if that date is later
If you're outside of that window, you typically can't claim a refund by amending your return.
How do you file an amended tax return?
The process for filing an amended return is fairly straightforward. Here's a step-by-step guide.
Step 1: Collect your documents
Gather your original tax return and any new documents needed to prepare your amended return.
If you need to correct the income you reported on your return, you may have a new or amended W-2 or 1099 form. If you missed claiming a tax deduction or credit, you’ll need documentation to support the new deduction you're claiming, such as a receipt for a charitable donation, new or amended Form 1098 Mortgage Interest Statement, or Form 1098-T to claim an education credit.
If you initially filed your tax return using TurboTax, you can access your tax return online or print a copy of that return by logging in to your account at TurboTax online or print a PDF of your return from the copy saved on your computer.
If you didn’t file using TurboTax and can’t locate a copy of your return, you can order a copy of your tax transcript using the Get Transcript tool on the IRS.gov website. Your transcript shows most of the lines from your tax return, including income, deductions, credits, and tax payments.
TurboTax Tip:
When you file an amended return, you should include any new documents needed to support your changes, such as a new or amended W-2 or 1099 form to report additional income, a new or amended Form 1098 Mortgage Interest Statement, or a Form 1098-T to claim an education credit.
Step 2: Get the right forms
The IRS form for amending a return is Form 1040-X. You'll also need any forms that will be impacted by your change. For example, if you’re changing your itemized deductions, you’ll also need a copy of Schedule A for that tax year. To amend your tax return to add additional interest or dividend income, you'll likely need a copy of Schedule B. Changes to revenues or expenses from a trade or business will typically require Schedule C and Schedule SE. Updating your capital gains and losses might require Form 8949 and Schedule D, and so on.
You can also prepare your amended return in TurboTax. To do this, you need to use the version of TurboTax that applies to the tax year you need to amend. For example, if you need to amend your 2024 tax return, you need to use the 2024 version of TurboTax.
If you prepared your original tax return using TurboTax, log in to your account, open the tax return you already filed, and click on the link to amend your return. From there, the software will walk you through the process of filing the amendment.
If you didn't use TurboTax to file your tax return, you can use TurboTax to prepare the amendment. However, you'll first have to enter your information into TurboTax to match what you filed the first time, then start the process of amending it.
Step 3: Fill out Form 1040-X
Form 1040-X contains three columns:
- Column A. This column shows the numbers previously reported on your tax return. Use the copy of your tax return you gathered in Step 1 to complete this column.
- Column B. This column shows how the amounts from your original return need to increase or decrease. For example, if you're amending your gross income to include $50 of interest income missing from your previously filed tax return, you would enter $50 on line 1, column B.
- Column C. This column shows the correct amount. Just add the amounts from column A and column B and enter the result here.
In Part III of Form 1040-X, you'll need to provide a clear explanation for your reasons for filing an amended return.
When you use TurboTax to prepare your amended return, you don’t need to know all the details. Once you indicate that you’re preparing an amended return, the software will help you fill out Form 1040-X and any supporting forms as you make changes to your income and deductions.
Step 4: Submit your amended forms
Beginning with the 2019 tax year, the IRS allows you to e-file amended tax returns if you filed the original return electronically and provided that your tax software supplier supports electronically filing amended returns. To amend a return for 2018 or earlier, you'll need to print the completed Form 1040-X and any other forms you're amending. Attach any necessary supporting documentation, such as:
- any new or amended W-2s or 1099 forms
- other forms or schedules that changed, such as Schedule A if you updated your itemized deductions
- any notices that you received from the IRS regarding your amended return
Mail all the forms and documents to the address provided in the instructions or electronically file the return if you are able to.
What happens if my amended return increases my refund?
If amending your tax return increases the refund amount you should get, the IRS will issue you an additional refund. This refund will be the difference between the original amount and the adjusted, higher refund amount.
For example, if your original refund was $2,500, but your new total tax refund is $3,500 with the adjustments based on your amended tax return, you’ll be issued an additional $1,000.
The IRS has increased flexibility for how to get your refund. For the 2021 tax year and onward, electronic filers can now request refunds to be directly deposited into a checking or savings account. You can even split the direct deposit into more than one account.
What if the amended return results in a higher tax bill?
If amending your tax return results in a higher tax bill, you will need to make an additional tax payment. You can mail a check with the amendment or go online and make a payment at the IRS website after logging into their system. By making a payment now instead of waiting for the IRS to send an invoice, you can minimize the interest and penaltiesyou'll owe.
How long does it take the IRS to amend your return?
Keep in mind that if you file an amended tax return on paper rather the e-filing, it can take the IRS eight weeks or longer to process the amendment. You can check the status of your amended return using the IRS' Where's My Amended Return? Wait about three weeks from the date you mailed your return for the information to show up in the IRS system.
Do you need to file both a federal and state tax return?
If you amend your federal income tax return, you'll likely also need to file an amended tax return with your state. Each state has its own form to amend a tax return. TurboTax will select the right state forms for you when you prepare your federal amended return and supply instructions for submitting it to your state.
Do you need to update your withholding after amending your return?
If your amended returns shows that you owed a lot in taxes or received a large refund, you may want to update your withholding. You can use the free Withholding Calculatorfrom TurboTax to estimate your paycheck withholding, then complete a new Form W-4 and give it to your employer’s HR or payroll department.
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