Video: What is Schedule C: Profit or Loss from a Business?
When you earn income from self-employment, preparing your tax return can be more complicated than when you only earn income from an employer. Schedule C-EZ can make the filing process much simpler. Watch this video to learn more.
The One Big Beautiful Bill that passed includes permanently extending tax cuts from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, including increasing the cap on the amount of state and local or sales tax and property tax (SALT) that you can deduct, makes cuts to energy credits passed under the Inflation Reduction Act, makes changes to taxes on tips and overtime for certain workers, reforms Medicaid, increases the Debt ceiling, and reforms Pell Grants and student loans. Updates to this article are in process. Check our One Big Beautiful Bill article for more information.
For tax year 2019 and later, you will no longer use Schedule C-EZ, but instead use the Schedule C.
Video transcript:
Wondering how to report your business profit or loss? Then you should know about Schedule C!
If you're self-employed as a sole proprietor, whether you're a freelancer or running a side gig, you'll likely need to file Schedule C with your federal tax return. This form helps you report business income and expenses, including for single-owner Limited Liability Companies (LLCs) not taxed as corporations.
Schedule C has five parts.
Part one is where you report all of your business income. This includes payments you received that are reported on forms like 1099-NEC, 1099-MISC, or 1099-K.
If you're selling a product, you can subtract costs like:
- refunds paid to customers who returned defective, damaged, or unwanted products
- discounts allowed instead of a refund, and
- the costs of producing or acquiring the items you sold
Part two is for reporting your business expenses. Common business expenses include costs for:
- advertising
- cars and trucks
- home offices
- insurance
- rent
- supplies
- taxes, and
- travel
These expenses are deducted from your business income to determine your profit or loss for the year.
Part three is used to calculate your cost of goods sold, which is then subtracted from your business income in Part I. If you don't sell a product, you won't need to complete this part.
Part four can be used if you're deducting expenses for a car or truck used for your business. You'll have to fill out this section with vehicle details.
Part five is for any deductible expenses not already reported in Part two. The total from Part five is added to your other business expenses in Part two.
So what does this all mean for your taxes?
If your business earned a profit for the year, that amount is included in your taxable income. And you may owe self-employment tax, too.
If your business had a loss, you might be able to deduct that loss from your other taxable income.
If you're self-employed and ready to file, TurboTax will handle your Schedule C with ease and help you get the biggest refund possible.
Visit turbotax.com for more info to help you file your taxes with confidence!

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